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What is a Sexually Transmitted Disease?

If you’re sexually active, it’s important to know the facts about Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs). These diseases are spread through sexual contact with an infected person, and can cause serious health problems in both men and women if left untreated. There are many different types of STDs, and each type has its own unique symptoms, but one thing all STDs have in common is that they’re easily transmitted through skin-to-skin contact. If you’re sexually active, always use protection to minimize your risk of contracting an STD or passing one on to someone else.


An Overview of STDs


It’s important to understand that there are two main categories of STDs, Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs). An infection is any type of illness that you contract from someone else through sexual contact. It doesn’t necessarily mean that there has been a change in your condition, but it does require medical attention. An STD on the other hand, involves an altered state of health, whether it be positive or negative. The changes in health could affect you physically or emotionally; and when they’re caused by bacteria or viruses they can even change your DNA structure. Not all STIs are considered STDs.


The STD/STI Lifecycle


Every sexually transmitted disease and infection (STI) needs to get from point A to point B. What’s more, every STI needs an optimal environment in which it can grow best. For example, HIV needs to get inside of your T-cells (white blood cells) in order to replicate itself. HSV-1 prefers nerves while HPV likes keratinocytes—basically skin cells. Of course, these are just examples; every STI has its own unique lifecycle, but understanding how they operate can go a long way toward making you aware of prevention methods that work best for each specific STD or infection. The good news is that most STIs have short lifecycles, meaning once you’ve contracted one, there isn’t much time before it dies off on its own. This means if you take care of yourself properly and don't allow any potential infections to progress into full-blown diseases, then chances are good that you won't have any problems down the road. The bad news is that certain types of infections aren't as easy to cure as others and some may require lifelong treatment. It's important to talk with your doctor about what options might be available for your situation so that you can make sure everything goes smoothly during treatment.


STD Transmission Risks


Having sex with multiple partners exposes you to an increased risk of contracting STDs, which include everything from genital warts to herpes and HIV. That’s because STDs can spread through direct skin-to-skin contact (including oral, vaginal, and anal intercourse), bodily fluids (including semen, vaginal secretions, and blood), or shared sex toys. Other ways to catch an STD include sharing needles for injecting drugs; receiving or performing oral sex on a partner who has an STD. If you engage in any type of sexual activity that involves sharing body fluids—like oral or anal sex—or using anything but your own personal toy(s) for penetration during intercourse, then you are at risk for contracting an STD.


Getting Tested


Just because you don’t have symptoms doesn’t mean you can’t get or transmit STIs—many people who are infected never experience symptoms, and are unaware they have an infection. In other words, it’s important to test regularly!

The two main types of testing are antigen/antibody testing and nucleic acid testing (NAT). Antigen/antibody tests detect your body’s immune response to an infection by looking for antibodies your body has made against certain viruses. If you want to know whether or not you have been exposed, but not necessarily if you currently have an active infection, these tests may be helpful.


How To Prevent STDs


The only guaranteed way to avoid contracting an STD—or any other form of communicable disease—is to abstain from all sexual activity. However, if you’re sexually active, there are still many ways you can lower your risk of infection such as limiting your number of sexual partners, receiving vaccines for certain STD's, or using condoms. If you have more questions about specific infections, please consult ACPC Women's Clinic, your healthcare provider, or pharmacist for more information.


Common Types of STDs and Infections


The most common types of STDs are chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, syphilis and HIV. There are other common diseases that can be transmitted through sexual contact such as genital herpes, hepatitis B and HPV (human papillomavirus). Infections associated with unsafe sex include bacterial vaginosis and yeast infections. If you’re unsure what type of infection or STD you have,  ACPC Women's Clinic offers no-cost Chlamydia and Gonorrhea testing. We can also refer you to a local community partner if your possible STD is beyond our scope. It is important to always practice safe sex by using a condom during intercourse and having regular STD tests; avoiding risky sexual activity altogether is always an option too.


Call Us to Schedule an Appointment


Among the most common STD's are Chlamydia and Gonorrhea. If you think you might have been exposed to either of these sexually transmitted diseases, we offer STD testing that can tell you for sure within minutes. Call or Text ACPC Women's Clinic to set up testing for Gonorrhea and Chlamydia. The earlier an infection is detected, then it can be treated and prevented from spreading to others. The majority of cases of Chlamydia do not result in any symptoms so if left untreated, it may cause Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) which may lead to infertility or chronic pelvic pain.


Sources:

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Prevention - STD Information from CDC.” Cdc.gov, 2019, www.cdc.gov/std/prevention/default.htm.
  • Pfizer. “8 Common STDs: What You Need to Know | Pfizer.” Pfizer.com, 2021, www.pfizer.com/news/articles/8_common_stds.

Understanding Ectopic Pregnancy: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

February 12, 2025
Pregnancy is a life-changing experience, but complications can arise that require immediate medical attention. One such complication is an ectopic pregnancy, a condition that affects approximately 1 in 50 pregnancies. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options can help women seek timely medical care and prevent life-threatening complications. What Is an Ectopic Pregnancy? An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tube. However, implantation can also occur in the ovary, abdominal cavity, or cervix. Because these locations are not designed to support a growing embryo, an ectopic pregnancy cannot proceed normally and requires medical intervention. Causes and Risk Factors While ectopic pregnancies can happen to anyone, certain factors increase the risk: Previous ectopic pregnancy – A history of ectopic pregnancy increases the likelihood of recurrence. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) – Infections like chlamydia or gonorrhea can cause scarring in the fallopian tubes. Tubal surgery – Previous surgeries on the fallopian tubes can lead to blockages or scarring. Endometriosis – This condition can cause tissue growth that affects the movement of the fertilized egg. Use of fertility treatments – Assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), can slightly increase the risk. Smoking – Studies suggest that smoking may interfere with the function of the fallopian tubes. Symptoms of an Ectopic Pregnancy Ectopic pregnancies often present symptoms similar to those of a normal pregnancy, making early detection challenging. Common symptoms include: Abdominal or pelvic pain – Often sharp and concentrated on one side Vaginal bleeding – Light spotting or heavier bleeding unrelated to menstruation Shoulder pain – A sign of internal bleeding that irritates the diaphragm Dizziness or fainting – May indicate blood loss and shock in severe cases If you experience any of these symptoms, especially with a positive pregnancy test, seek medical attention immediately. Diagnosis and Treatment Doctors diagnose ectopic pregnancy through blood tests to measure hCG (pregnancy hormone) levels and ultrasounds to locate the pregnancy. If an ectopic pregnancy is confirmed, treatment options include: Medication (Methotrexate): If detected early, doctors may prescribe methotrexate to stop the embryo from growing and allow the body to absorb the tissue naturally. Surgery: If the pregnancy is advanced or causing internal bleeding, laparoscopic surgery may be required to remove the ectopic tissue and, in some cases, the affected fallopian tube. Emotional and Physical Recovery Recovering from an ectopic pregnancy can be both physically and emotionally challenging. While the physical recovery time varies, many women experience grief and loss. Seeking support from loved ones, counseling, or support groups can be helpful. Can You Get Pregnant Again? Having an ectopic pregnancy does not mean you cannot conceive in the future. Many women go on to have healthy pregnancies, though the risk of another ectopic pregnancy is higher. Consulting a doctor before trying to conceive again can help assess risks and plan for a healthy pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancy is a serious but treatable condition. Awareness of the risk factors, symptoms, and treatment options can help ensure early detection and appropriate medical care. If you suspect you may have an ectopic pregnancy, seeking prompt medical attention could be life-saving.
Woman sitting overlooking mountaintop.

Five Things to Consider Before Taking the Abortion Pill

January 16, 2025
Making a pregnancy decision is deeply personal and can feel overwhelming. If you’re considering the abortion pill, it’s essential to be fully informed about the process, risks, and alternatives. At ACPC Women's Clinic, we’re here to provide clarity, support, and non-judgmental guidance. Before taking the abortion pill, here are five key things to consider: 1. Confirm Your Pregnancy Before making any decisions, it’s crucial to confirm that you are indeed pregnant. A medical-grade pregnancy test and an ultrasound can determine how far along you are, which affects your options. The abortion pill is only FDA-approved for use up to 10 weeks of pregnancy, so knowing your gestational age is vital. Additionally, an ultrasound can help detect an ectopic pregnancy, a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention and cannot be treated with the abortion pill. Our clinic offers free pregnancy tests and ultrasounds to provide accurate information and ensure your safety. 2. Understand the Process and Risks The abortion pill, also known as medication abortion, involves two drugs: mifepristone and misoprostol . Mifepristone works by blocking progesterone, a hormone necessary for maintaining pregnancy, while misoprostol induces uterine contractions to expel the pregnancy. While the process is typically completed at home, it can be accompanied by significant cramping, heavy bleeding, nausea, fever, and other side effects. It’s important to be aware of potential risks, including incomplete abortion, which may require surgical intervention, severe bleeding, or infection. Additionally, some women experience emotional and psychological effects after an abortion. Speaking with a healthcare provider about these risks can help you make a well-informed decision. 3. Know Your Legal Rights and Protections Laws regarding abortion vary by state, and Colorado has specific regulations surrounding abortion access. Unlike some states, Colorado does not have a waiting period or parental consent requirement for minors, meaning women can obtain an abortion without mandatory delays. However, it’s essential to be aware of your rights and any potential legal implications of obtaining abortion pills online or across state lines. Some sources selling abortion pills online may not provide FDA-approved medications, increasing the risk of complications. 4. Explore All Your Options You deserve to know all of your options before making a final decision. We recommend utilizing our Health & Safety Informed Decision Checklist which answers frequently asked questions about abortion. Beyond abortion, adoption and parenting are also possibilities . While it may seem overwhelming, many resources exist to support women facing unintended pregnancies. Parenting support services, financial assistance programs, and adoption mentoring are available to help women make a decision that aligns with their values and long-term goals. Speaking with a trained advocate can help you explore what’s best for your unique situation without pressure or judgment. ACPC Women's Clinic provides confidential mentoring, educational resources, and referrals to services that can support you. 5. Seek Emotional and Medical Support An unintended pregnancy can bring emotional and physical challenges. Having a strong support system—whether it’s a counselor, trusted friend, or medical professional—can make a difference in coping with the emotional impact of your decision. Some women report experiencing feelings of relief after an abortion, while others struggle with emotions such as sadness, guilt, or regret. Seeking post-abortion counseling and emotional support can help process these feelings and ensure mental well-being. Our clinic provides confidential consultations and resources to help you make an informed decision and receive the care you need. No matter what decision you are facing, you are not alone. ACPC Women's Clinic is here to offer compassionate care and a safe space to discuss your options. Whether you need medical information, emotional support, or practical assistance, we are here to walk alongside you. If you have questions or need support, reach out to us today. Your health and well-being matter, and we are here to help you navigate this journey with clarity and confidence.

Should I Stop Taking Vitamin D Supplements When I Am Pregnant?

July 2, 2024
Pregnancy is a time of significant changes and considerations, especially regarding health and nutrition. One common question that arises is whether to continue or discontinue Vitamin D supplements during pregnancy. Vitamin D is crucial for various bodily functions, but its role becomes even more critical during pregnancy. Here’s a comprehensive look at why you should not stop taking Vitamin D supplements when you’re expecting. The Importance of Vitamin D during Pregnancy Bone Health for Mother and Baby: Vitamin D plays a vital role in calcium absorption, essential for the development of your baby's bones and teeth. Adequate Vitamin D levels help prevent rickets in newborns, a condition that leads to soft and weak bones. For the mother, maintaining proper Vitamin D levels can reduce the risk of osteoporosis and bone fractures. Immune System Support: Vitamin D is known to support the immune system. During pregnancy, a robust immune system is crucial to protect both the mother and the developing baby from infections and illnesses. Reduced Risk of Complications: Adequate Vitamin D levels during pregnancy have been associated with a lower risk of complications such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and preterm birth. Ensuring sufficient intake can contribute to a smoother pregnancy journey. Mental Health Benefits: There is growing evidence suggesting that Vitamin D may play a role in mood regulation and the prevention of depression. Considering the emotional and psychological changes during pregnancy, maintaining adequate Vitamin D levels could be beneficial for mental well-being. Current Recommendations and Guidelines Medical professionals generally recommend that pregnant women maintain an adequate level of Vitamin D. The exact dosage can vary, but many health organizations suggest that pregnant women should aim for a daily intake of 600-800 IU (International Units) of Vitamin D. However, some women might need more based on their individual health conditions, skin pigmentation, geographic location, and dietary intake. Sources of Vitamin D Sunlight: The body can produce Vitamin D when the skin is exposed to sunlight. However, factors like geographic location, season, and sunscreen use can affect Vitamin D synthesis from sunlight. Diet: Foods like fatty fish (salmon, mackerel), fortified milk, eggs, and cheese are good dietary sources of Vitamin D. However, it can be challenging to obtain adequate amounts from diet alone. Supplements: Given the challenges of obtaining enough Vitamin D from sunlight and diet, supplements can be an effective way to ensure you meet your daily needs. Consulting with Your Healthcare Provider Before making any changes to your supplement regimen, it's crucial to consult with your healthcare provider. They can assess your current Vitamin D levels through a blood test and determine the appropriate dosage for your specific needs. Your healthcare provider can also provide guidance on the best type of supplement to take and monitor your levels throughout your pregnancy. Conclusion In summary, stopping Vitamin D supplements during pregnancy is generally not advisable without consulting your healthcare provider. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in the health of both mother and baby, supporting bone development, immune function, and reducing the risk of complications. Ensuring you have adequate Vitamin D levels can contribute to a healthier and more comfortable pregnancy. Always consult with your healthcare provider to tailor the best plan for your nutritional needs during this important time. By staying informed and proactive about your Vitamin D intake, you can help ensure a healthy pregnancy for you and your baby.
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